Exploration & Geology

A core sample is a cylindrical section of rock or sediment extracted from the subsurface during drilling operations. It provides a direct, physical record of…

A Drill Stem Test (DST) is a temporary completion of a wellbore interval during drilling operations to evaluate the reservoir’s potential to produce hydrocarbons. It…

Cap rock (also known as seal or top seal) is a low-permeability, often ductile rock unit that overlies a porous reservoir rock and prevents upward…

An anticline is a type of geological fold that arches upward, with the oldest rock layers at its core and younger layers draped over the…

A density log is a well logging measurement that records the bulk density of a formation along the borehole wall. It is a fundamental tool…

Amplitude refers to the strength or energy of a reflected seismic wave, measured as the maximum displacement from the zero baseline of a seismic trace.…

AVO stands for Amplitude Versus Offset (sometimes called Amplitude Variation with Offset). It is a seismic analysis technique used in petroleum exploration and reservoir characterization…

Cuttings are the small fragments of rock, sediment, and formation material that are generated by the drill bit during the drilling of a wellbore. As…

A Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator (DHI) is a geophysical anomaly observed on seismic reflection data that suggests the presence of hydrocarbons (oil or gas) in subsurface…

A fault is a planar fracture or discontinuity in a volume of rock, across which there has been significant displacement as a result of rock-mass…

A formation is a fundamental unit in petroleum geology, referring to a laterally continuous, mappable body of rock that possesses distinctive physical and chemical characteristics,…

Formation Evaluation is the comprehensive process of analyzing subsurface rock formations to determine their potential to contain and produce hydrocarbons (oil and natural gas). It…